Abstract Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular impairment, increasing the rates of atherosclerotic and non-atherosclerotic events. Additionally, adverse kidney events are directly linked with T2DM and cardiovascular diseases. In this context, the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have demonstrated both cardioprotective and renoprotective effects in patients with or without T2DM. Therefore, the present meta-analysis aims to evaluate cardiovascular outcomes involving SGLT2i as monotherapy or other add-on antidiabetic agents (ADA) in patients with or without T2DM. Objetive: The present meta-analysis aims to evaluate cardiovascular outcomes involving SGLT2i as monotherapy or add-on other ADA in patients with or without T2DM. Methods: The entrance criteria to SGLT2i studies were: describing any data regarding cardiovascular effects; enrolling more than 1,000 participants; being approved by either the FDA or the EU, and having available access to the supplementary data. The trial had to exhibit at least one of the following results: major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), cardiovascular death or hospitalization for heart failure, cardiovascular death, hospitalization for heart failure, renal or cardiovascular adverse events, or non-cardiovascular death. The significance level of 0.05 was adopted in the statistical analysis. Results: Nine trials with a total of 76,285 participants were included in the meta-analysis. SGLT2i reduced MACE (RR 0.75, 95% CI [0.55-1.01]), cardiovascular death or hospitalization for heart failure (RR 0.72, 95% CI [0.55-0.93]), cardiovascular death (RR 0.66, 95% CI [0.48-0.91]), hospitalization for heart failure (RR 0.58, 95% CI [0.46-0.73]), renal or cardiovascular adverse events (RR 0.55, 95% CI [0.39-0.78]), and non-cardiovascular death (RR 0.88, 95% CI [0.60-1.00]). Conclusions: Conjunction overall data suggests that these drugs can minimize the risk of cardiovascular events, thus decreasing mortality in patients, regardless of the presence of T2DM.

RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi determinar as propriedades químicas e energéticas da madeira de urucu da mata (Bixa arborea), breu (Protium apiculatum) e acariquarana (Rinorea guianensis), para melhor aproveitamento dos resíduos gerados na obtenção de madeira serrada dessas espécies florestais. Foram coletadas 5 árvores de cada espécie e retirados discos à altura de 2 metros do solo, os quais foram transformados em cunhas para a obtenção de serragem para as análises químicas e energéticas. A avaliação dos resultados foi realizada pelo teste de comparação de médias de Tukey (p ≤ 0,05). Bixa arborea foi a espécie que obteve maior poder calorífico superior e teor de lignina, todavia, menor densidade. Protiumapiculatum e Rinorea guianesis demonstraram ter características químicas e energéticas favoráveis à produção de carvão vegetal e de lenha para fins doméstico e em indústrias como olarias.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine the chemical and energetic properties of Bixa arborea, Protium apiculatum, and Rinorea guianensis woods in order to support the recovery of residues in the lumber production of these species, also considering the lack of studies on their technological properties. For this purpose, five trees of each species were collected and, subsequently, discs were removed from the height of 2 meters above surface; they were processed in wedges to obtain sawdust for analysis. The evaluation of the results was performed by the Tukey’s mean comparison test at 0.05% probability level. B. arborea was the species with the highest gross calorific value and lignin content, but lower specific gravity. P. apiculatum and R. guianesis showed chemical and energetic characteristics favorable to charcoal production and firewood.